The lung function test evaluates your lungs' capacity and performance. It’s an essential diagnostic tool for various pulmonary diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, or other respiratory conditions.
What is measured?
- Lung volumes: e.g., vital capacity – the maximum air exhaled after deep inhalation
- Airflow: how quickly air is inhaled/exhaled (e.g., FEV1 – forced expiratory volume in 1 second)
- Ventilation function: how well your lungs are ventilated
- Lung volumes: e.g., residual volume – air remaining in the lungs after full exhalation
Common methods:
- Spirometry: Measures air volume and flow rate during breathing
- Body plethysmography: Captures total lung volume, including residual air
- Diffusion capacity (DLCO): Measures how well oxygen transfers from lungs to blood
Procedure:
You breathe through a mouthpiece into a measuring device, performing different breathing maneuvers (e.g., deep inhale and rapid, forceful exhale). Several repetitions ensure reliable results.
Purpose of the test:
- Diagnosis and monitoring of lung diseases
- Pre-operative lung function assessment
- Evaluation of symptoms like breathlessness, chronic cough, or reduced performance
- Monitoring effectiveness of medications